Since joining the European Union in 2004, the Czech Republic has become one of the continent’s busiest road transport hubs.

Central Europe’s unfinished traffic hub

Since joining the EU in 2004, the Czech Republic has become one of the continent’s busiest road transport hubs. The country urgently needs to modernize its motorways. But the economic crisis has turned the project into an endless headache for the Czech government.

Topics: European Union, Slovak Republic , EU Enlargement and the Wider Neighbourhood, EU accession, Czech Republic

Water meters installed by UNDP help promote efficiency by conserving resources.

The political economy of sustainable development

A critical mass of consistent changes in policies, institutions, regulations, and incentives is needed to address long-term sustainability. What are some of the main elements of such a policy package?

Topics: Transition, Environment, Governance, Macroeconomic policy, Economic development, Sustainability and equity

A factory billowing smoke in Estonia. The Baltic states will never be large carbon producers or consumers in absolute terms. © Curt Carnemark/World Bank

A new approach to carbon accounting?

Should carbon emissions be ‘charged against’ countries that produce them or against those that consume them and outsource carbon intensive manufacturing elsewhere?

Topics: EU accession, China, Kyoto Protocol, Carbon finance, Climate change, Sustainability and equity

With the exception of big hydropower plants, countries in Europe and Central Asia make only limited use of renewable energy sources. © World Bank/Gennadiy Ratushenko

Carbon finance in Europe and Central Asia: Opportunities versus reality

The Europe and Central Asia region is one of the world’s most carbon-intensive. Yet it has not benefited nearly as much from carbon finance as might be expected. Why is this?

Topics: Environment, Russian Federation , EU accession, Kyoto Protocol, Carbon finance, Clean development mechanism, Joint implementation, Sustainability and equity

The city of Sisak agreed to serve as a pilot site. In two years, 24 demonstration projects cut energy consumption by 13 percent and saved the city budget $220,000 per year. The Sisak pilot also eliminated 780 tons of carbon emissions in 2010. © Gordana G. Gerber

Croatia: ‘Going green with Gašpar’

The Croatian government has managed to win popular support for greening projects by putting its own house in order first.

Topics: Environment, Croatia , Energy efficiency, Environmental policy, Climate change, Sustainability and equity

Kazakhstan – one of the world’s largest carbon emitters in relative terms - is trying to position itself as a green growth leader through the Astana Green Bridge initiative. Will these solar panels help to lower its carbon footprint? © UNDP Kazkhstan

The 'Green Bridge' for Rio and beyond

Ahead of Rio+20, is a green economy the answer we are looking for, or are we fooling ourselves and forgetting what sustainable development is all about? Can the ‘Green Bridge Initiative’ be a part of the solution?

Topics: Economic growth, Kazakhstan, Economic development, Millennium Development Goals, Energy and environment, Sustainability and equity

The desiccation of the Aral sea is a vivid example of how water, energy and sustainable development are all connected to climate change in Central Asia. © Mark Pitcher/Flickr

Climate Change in Central Asia

In order to adapt to climate change, Central Asia must adopt measures to reduce the wasteful use of water and energy, and encourage more sustainable agricultural activities.

Topics: Energy, Climate change, Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan , Environment & Energy, Kazakhstan, Water, Greenhouse gas, Agriculture, Kyoto Protocol, Carbon finance, Central Asia, Aral Sea, Clean development mechanism, Climate change

The Naryn river, flowing through both Uzbekistani and Kyrgyzstani regions, contains many reservoirs which are vital components of Kyrgyzstan’s hydroelectricity production. © Simon Taylor/Flickr

Prospects for Renewable Energy in Kyrgyzstan

The expansion of renewable energy technologies for solar power, biomass, and small-scale hydro is central to improving Kyrgyzstan’s living standards and carbon profile.

Topics: Poverty, Energy, Climate change, Kyrgyzstan , Environment & Energy, Renewable energy, Electricity, Carbon finance, Solar power, Hydroelectricity, Biogas, Climate change

Water meters installed by UNDP help promote efficiency by conserving resources.
07 November 2011

The political economy of sustainable development

A critical mass of consistent changes in policies, institutions, regulations, and incentives is needed to address long-term sustainability. What are some of the main elements of such a policy package?

Topics: Transition, Environment, Governance, Macroeconomic policy, Economic development, Sustainability and equity

The OSCE designated a person for Roma and Sinti Issues responsible for reporting progress and communicating recommendations to OSCE member states. © OSCE/Hasan Sopa
10 March 2010

Roma inclusion: Can international institutions play a role?

This article looks at how ‘Europeanization’—the growing emphasis on trans-national approaches to Roma inclusion—has both helped and hindered efforts to integrate Europe’s largest transnational minority.

Topics: European Union, Poverty, Democratic governance, Social inclusion, Armenia , Azerbaijan , Poverty Reduction , Social policies, Ethnic minorities, Roma, Discrimination, Minority rights, Security, Foreign policy, Change

© Piotr Malecki/Panos Pictures
12 March 2010

Social Inclusion

Although transition has expanded opportunities and rights for many people in Europe and Central Asia, the benefits of economic growth, political freedoms and social opportunities have not been equally distributed. Demographic and...

Topics: Social inclusion, Social policy