Development and Transition

© UN Photo/UNHCR/A Duclos
23 September 2011

The Arab Spring: Lessons from the “North”

2011 marks the twentieth anniversary of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the acceleration of political and economic transitions in what had been called the Soviet bloc. Perhaps ironically, this anniversary coincides with...

Topics: Transition, Migration, Development and Transition, EU accession, Eastern Europe

© Anvar Ilyasov/The World Bank

The Millennium Development Goals in the CIS Countries

The MDGs are at the heart of the international development agenda. Are they relevant to the CIS? The answer is yes, but some adaptation to national circumstances is needed.

Topics: Development, Transition, Poverty, Human development, Development and Transition, Poverty Reduction , Social services, Policy development, EU accession, Social policy, Life expectancy, Environmental sustainability, Extreme poverty, Millennium Development Goals, Millennium Project

The trials of transition have generated voluminous literatures documenting ‘mistakes’ made by economic policymakers and by the international financial and development institutions that have advised and supported them. © UNDP

Development Versus Transition

Are the states that make up the Europe and the CIS facing challenges of transition or development? It is clear that some of the critiques of transition suffer from the failure to make this distinction.

Topics: Development, Transition, Development and Transition, Poverty Reduction , Employment, Governance, Young people, Education, Policy development, EU accession, Macroeconomic policy, Democracy, Public administration reform, Economic development

Some transitions may end in a long drawn out process, where an end-point will be difficult to demarcate. © Alessandro Weiss von Trostprugg/Flickr

Lost in Transition: When is transition over?

If transitions may begin incrementally as a long-term process, or can be triggered by some sudden revolutionary eruption, we can view their ending in similar terms.

Topics: Development, Transition, European Union, Democratic governance, Development and Transition, Foreign policy, Institutional development, Democracy, Autocracy

Despite the spectacular achievements of transition, the political imperative to provide social security has not disappeared. © Miso Lisanin/The World Bank

Linking Economic Development and Transition

Is the challenge of economic transition specific and different from economic development? How has the transition experience enriched development economics? Which policy mistakes could have been avoided?

Topics: Development, Transition, Development and Transition, Poverty Reduction , Employment, Social policy, Macroeconomic policy, Institutional development, Banking system

The early transition was characterized by negative growth and widening inequality, an increase in poverty was inevitable. © Alessandro Weiss von Trostprugg/Flickr

Poverty during the early transition

Two percent of the population of Central and Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union were poor in 1988; by 1998 the figure was 20 percent. Why is there an awful inevitability about such an outcome?

Topics: Development, Transition, Poverty, Development and Transition, Poverty Reduction , Employment, Economic growth, Income inequality

The transition experience demonstrates how countries may fail to prosper even when they seem well endowed with physical and human capital.© Miso Lisanin/The World Bank

Productivity, prosperity and development

The reason for the demise of socialism was the failure of socialist economies to keep productivity growth on par with western economies. What the socialist world lacked was market institutions, which take time to emerge.

Topics: Development, Transition, Productivity, Development and Transition, Poverty Reduction , Macroeconomic policy, Institutional development