In Focus

Climate change and civil society organizations in Kazakhstan

Civil society organizations are well placed to assess the country’s institutional capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Local democracy develops best when there is demand from below. © UNDP in Armenia

Local governance and decentralization in Armenia

Armenia has undergone three waves of local governance reform since its independence in 1991. Where does the country stand now?

© UNDP Europe and CIS

Climate change adaptation and agriculture in the new EU member states

The impact of climate change on agriculture in the new member states of the European Union, which potentially includes droughts, storms, hail, heavy rainfall causing flashfloods and pests, has been addressed by a number of...

2011 Human Development Report 'Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All'

Finding ways to make human development progress truly sustainable for the seven billion people who now live on our planet and for generations to come is a central challenge of the 21st century. 2011 Human Development Report...

The Nickeleviy Zavod nickel processing plant. © Yuri Kozyrev/The World Bank

Integrated investment plans and monoindustrial towns in Russia

Integrated investment plans have been an important part of the response to the economic crisis. This article briefly reviews these plans in five Russian cities.

© UN Photo/UNHCR/A Duclos

The Arab Spring: Lessons from the “North”

2011 marks the twentieth anniversary of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the acceleration of political and economic transitions in what had been called the Soviet bloc. Perhaps ironically, this anniversary coincides with...

Russia and the World Trade Organization

Phillip Hanson looks at the issues surrounding Russia’s lengthy accession process to the WTO.